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\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 (\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627 “\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 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\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629) \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 (\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a) \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 “\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u060c 1 \u0623\u0648 0)”[22]<\/sup><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a) “\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (..) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645”[23]<\/sup><\/a>. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0638: (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a Digital) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645 (..) \u0623\u0648 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639”[25]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062f\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 Electric Rhetoric) \u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 computational Rhetoric) \u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 Technorhetoric)[28]<\/a>\u061b \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0633: “\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0634 (1999) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a 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“\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 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\u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 “\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a (Brendan Riley) \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 ((digital writing is style”[47]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 (\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a: \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629\/ Rh\u00e9torique du texte num\u00e9rique. Figures de la lecture, anticipations de pratiques )) \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0631(Alexandra Saemmer) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a”[50]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0640\u0637\u0640\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 “\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639”[67]<\/a>. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a “\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a”\u061f[68]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4-3- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a Hypertext) \u0648\u0647\u0648 “\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 (navigate) \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 (non-linear) \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629”[69]<\/sup><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 “\u0639\u064f\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0645”[70]<\/sup><\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d “\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629) \u0648(\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637) \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629”[71]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 (Mark Bernstein) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629[72]<\/sup><\/a>\u060c \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 (Cycle) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 (Contour) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642 (Counterpoint) \u2013 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 (The Mirro World) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 (Tangle) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0644 (Sieve) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 (Montage) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 (Neighborhood) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\/ \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 (Split\/Join) \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f (Missing Link) \u2013 \u062e\u062f\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 (Navigational Feint).<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0623<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 4-4- \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649… \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 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\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n [1]<\/sup><\/a>–<\/sup> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0627\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0633 (Eyman, Douglas) \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 (GMU)\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628: https:\/\/english.gmu.edu\/people\/deyman<\/a> \u2014 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: 06\/ 02\/ 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [2]<\/a>–<\/sup> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0631 (Alexandra Saemmer) \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 8\u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Labex Arts-H2H). \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a. https:\/\/www.eyrolles.com\/Informatique\/Livre\/rhetorique-du-texte-numerique-9791091281461\/<\/a> -: \u2014 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: 13\/ 02\/ 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [3]<\/a>–<\/sup> \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647: \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a (2010)\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 (2001)\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 (1999)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 (1998) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (2007).<\/p>\n\n\n\n [4]<\/a> Eyman, Douglas. Digital Rhetoric: Theory, Method, Practice. University of Michigan Press, 2015. P: 06.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [5]<\/sup><\/a>– <\/sup>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0637 1\u060c 1442\u06be\/ 2021\u0645\u060c \u0635 9\u060c 10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [6]<\/a>–<\/sup> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 08.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [7]<\/a> Eyman (Douglas), Digital Rhetoric. P. 24.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 1989 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 “\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 (..) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0647\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629”. \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Eyman (Douglas), Digital Rhetoric. P. 14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [8]<\/sup><\/a>– <\/sup>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: https:\/\/www.gf.org\/fellows\/all-fellows\/richard-a-lanham\/<\/a> \u2014 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: 03 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [9]<\/sup><\/a>– <\/sup>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635 17.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [10]<\/sup><\/a>–<\/sup> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [11]<\/sup><\/a>–<\/sup> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [12]<\/sup><\/a> Eyman (Douglas), Digital Rhetoric. P. 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [13]<\/sup><\/a>– <\/sup>\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f (\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: https:\/\/abdouhakkisite.blogspot.com\/2021\/04\/blog-post_15.html<\/a> \u2014 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639: 03 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [14]<\/a>–<\/sup> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c 1979\u0645\u060c \u0635 09.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [15]<\/a> Eyman (Douglas), Digital Rhetoric. P. 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/allugah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/summary-6-1024x751.jpg\")
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