\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u064f\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0648\u064f\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 2\u0647-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 7\u0647\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 8\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 13\u0645)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0632\u0627 \u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629\u064c. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a (1984\u060c 1986)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u064e\u0635\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n The Role of Lexical and Grammatical Textual Compilation in Revitalizing Standard Arabic Usage: An Applied Study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Zakariae Azennoud<\/p>\n\n\n\n Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The Greeks were endowed with logic, the Persians with gnosis, and the Arabs with eloquence. However, the eloquent Arabic tongue remained confined within the era of codification (2nd<\/sup> to 7th<\/sup> century AH \/ 8th<\/sup> to 13th<\/sup> century AD), in fixed pedagogical heritage books, through which language users continue to think to this day, unable to surpass them. These books, rich as they are and still a precious treasure, have an unshakable authority that no one with insight can dispute. Yet, the need for Arabic learners, including Arabs themselves, to observe the language as it operates outside the framework of the traditional corpus, in natural time and space, is both urgent and pressing. The starting point of this study lies in the problem of the absence of natural language in pedagogical grammatical authoring, which often relies on classical models to demonstrate specific functions. The theoretical aspect of the study is based on the thesis of the Moroccan thinker Mohammed Abed al-Jabri (1984, 1986), which advocates a scientific critique and balance between the dynamic description of language and the fixed historical descriptor as a means of renewing the Arabic language reason. In its practical aspect, the study examines the necessity of adopting a lexico-grammatical corpus-based approach, particularly in syllabus design, in a twofold evaluative exemplary methodology: the first is a critical review of prominent works in the English language, and the second presents designed examples from the Arabic language in the form of pedagogical activities on how to apply corpus analysis in textbook authoring. The aim of the present study is to draw attention to modern linguistic methods in preserving the eloquent Arabic language and spreading it among learners, both non-native speakers and speakers of its Arabic dialects, across various fields.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Keywords<\/strong>: Eloquent Arabic Tongue, Corpus Linguistics, Lexico-grammatical Corpus-based Approach, the Language Reason.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064f\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0629.[i]<\/a> \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064e\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645\u064f\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064f\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628. \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u060c[ii]<\/a> \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064c\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631\u064e\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062c\u0632\u064e \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645. \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00bb\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00ab \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 “\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0622\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627. [..] \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0622\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646”.[iii]<\/a> \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u064f\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0646\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u00bb\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629\u00ab\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: “\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u064f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0650\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062f\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0650\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646”.[iv]<\/a> \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u00bb\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00ab\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629.[v]<\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u064e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0628 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647.[vi]<\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u00bb\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u00ab\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0644\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0631”.[vii]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u060c[viii]<\/a> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u00bb\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00ab \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u00bb\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u00ab \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u00bb\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u00ab \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629” \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639.[ix]<\/a> \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646.[x]<\/a> \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064f \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644\u064e \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0651\u064a\u0652\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.[xi]<\/a> \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u00bb\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00ab \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f Kristen Brustad\u060c[xii]<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0632 Everhard Ditters[xiii]<\/a> \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0632 Jonathan Owens.[xiv]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u064a\u062f\u0644\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u2013 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.[xv]<\/a> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0648\u064f\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629representativeness \u060c \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0622\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: “\u0639\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0652\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0644\u0647: \u062b\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639: \u0639\u064f\u0642\u0652\u0644\u064c [..] \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0647”.[xvi]<\/a> \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 “\u0639\u064e\u0642\u0644”\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641. \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0652 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 – \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.[xvii]<\/a> \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00bb\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u00ab \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u064e\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u00bb\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00ab. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645” \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.[xviii]<\/a>. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649”.[xix]<\/a> \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0639\u0642\u0644-\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0638\u0644\u062a \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064e \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u064e\u0635\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a. \u0641\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u064e\u0635\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a lexico-grammar\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645) \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0635 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0630\u064a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.[xx]<\/a> \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062f \u0646\u064e\u0638\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 lexico-grammatical features\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.[xxi]<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621\u0629:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621\u0629 Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0635\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0647\u064f\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0631 Douglas Biber\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u063a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0646Stig Johanson \u060c \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0634Geoffrey Leech \u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0631\u0627\u062fSusan Conrad \u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0646Edward Finegan .[xxii]<\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1999. \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 demonstrative pronouns\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u2013 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 <\/strong>1<\/strong>: \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English (\u0635. 347-349)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a.[xxiii]<\/a> \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0628 (FICT)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 (CONV)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 (NEWS)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a (ACAD)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e. \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635. \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0628”\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 Reference to” \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a relative frequency \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 this (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1: \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644)\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 Cobuild English Grammar\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0631 John Sinclair\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u064f\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.[xxiv]<\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648. \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 2 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 Referring to more than one thing: plural nouns”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 <\/strong>2<\/strong>: \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 Cobuild English Grammar (\u0635. 52-55)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0636\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u064e\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639noun-verb agreement \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a modifiers\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a determiners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 Cobuild English Dictionary \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641\u061b \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0632 COLLINS\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0631.[xxv]<\/a> \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632. \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u064e\u0645\u0651\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 20 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 <\/strong>3<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 Cobuild English Language Dictionary (\u0635. 1670)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0629authenticity \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 relevance. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647. \u0623\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0643\u064e\u0651\u062f\u064c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627. \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u061b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627.[xxvi]<\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0641\u0644\u0646\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0646\u062c\u062d\u064e”\u060c \u0648”\u0646\u062c\u062d\u0652\u062a”\u060c \u0648”\u0646\u062c\u062d\u064f\u0648\u0627”\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0646 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u064a\u064e\u0646\u062c\u062d\u064f”\u060c \u0648”\u062a\u064e\u0646\u062c\u062d\u064f”\u060c \u0648”\u0623\u064e\u0646\u062c\u062d\u064f”\u060c \u0648”\u0646\u064e\u0646\u062c\u062d\u064f”\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a). \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.[xxvii]<\/a> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646. \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a: (\u0623) \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n (\u0628) \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n (\u062c) \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639: (\u0623) \u064a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0650\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u064c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b<\/p>\n\n\n\n (\u0628) \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n\n\n\n (\u062c) \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627[xxviii]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629. \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c[xxix]<\/a> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644. \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (100000)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1). \u0641\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 20 \u064821 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0635 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 500 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627[xxx]<\/a> \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 44.2 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u064842.6 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a 150 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648179 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 <\/strong>1<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 <\/strong>2<\/strong>:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 10 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 3:<\/strong> \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 <\/strong>4<\/strong>: <\/strong>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629\u064b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a” \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0633\u0649 \u00bb\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00ab \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0631. \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u064f\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u064f\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064e \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0645 \u0628\u064f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/allugah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/allugah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-1.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/allugah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-2.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td> \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645<\/td> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td> \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td><\/tr> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/td> 21.608<\/td> .000<\/td> 150.250<\/td> 44.266<\/td><\/tr> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639<\/td> 20.833<\/td> .000<\/td> 179.837<\/td> 42.679<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n <\/td> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/td> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639<\/td><\/tr> \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/td> 48.9<\/td> 29.3<\/td><\/tr> \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/td> 48.5<\/td> 26.0<\/td><\/tr> \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/td> 50.5<\/td> 38.0<\/td><\/tr> \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629<\/td> 55.8<\/td> 24.9<\/td><\/tr> \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/td> 25.9<\/td> 62.7<\/td><\/tr> \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/td> 55.2<\/td> 42.5<\/td><\/tr> \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/td> 35.2<\/td> 43.9<\/td><\/tr> \u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629<\/td> 41.9<\/td> 57.3<\/td><\/tr> \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628<\/td> 27.1<\/td> 52.9<\/td><\/tr> \u062f\u064a\u0646<\/td> 47.3<\/td> 56.7<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a:<\/strong><\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0623\u0643\u064e\u0651\u062f\u064e\u062a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u064f -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u064f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629- \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064e \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b.<\/td> \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u062d\u0630\u064e\u0651\u0631\u062a<\/strong> \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0644.<\/td> \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a<\/strong> \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0626.<\/td> \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d<\/strong> \u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0639\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0634\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/td> \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0641<\/strong> \u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/td> \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a<\/strong> \u0643\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/td> \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a<\/strong> \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/td> \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 “\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631<\/strong> \u0636\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/td> \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0641\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u064f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u064077 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627.<\/td> \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0623\u062f\u0649<\/strong> \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/td> \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639:<\/strong><\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649<\/strong> \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/td> \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u064a\u062d\u064f<\/strong> \u0628\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0647.<\/strong><\/td> \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u064011 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a.<\/td> \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629<\/em><\/td><\/tr> “\u0646\u064e\u0641\u0652\u0633\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0627” \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/strong> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0646.<\/td> \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/td> \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638<\/strong> \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628.<\/td> \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u064a\u0631\u0649<\/strong> \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a.<\/td> \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0630\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0644.<\/td> \u062f\u064a\u0646<\/em><\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0635\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/strong> \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0630\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627.<\/td> \u062f\u064a\u0646<\/em><\/em><\/td><\/tr> \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0628\u0647<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633.<\/td> \u062f\u064a\u0646<\/em><\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n ![\"\"](\"https:\/\/allugah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-1-751x1024.jpeg\"){kind=spacer}
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n